About Rushton Research
Philip Rushton first encountered the problem of life while studying philosophy in Rome in 2006. He noticed an unexpected connection between communication logic and biology. That insight propelled him on a twenty year journey to develop a rigorous scientific theory of life: the Non-Physical Communication Architecture (NPCA).
Dr Rushton established Rushton Research in 2026 to bring the NPCA to the wider scientific community - and to anyone else who finds questions about the origin of life and the fundamental structure of biology, fascinating. The NPCA has explained much so far, but Dr Rushton thinks this is only scratching the surface.
Philip Rushton
Philip Rushton studied physics at Durham University where he gained a masters degree in theoretical physics (MSci, 1999) and a doctorate in theoretical condensed matter physics (PhD, 2002). He also holds a bachelors degree in philosophy (BA, 2007) from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome.
Before turning to independent research, Philip worked as a technical consultant at Detica (now BAE Systems Digital Intelligence). This included a focused assignment in 2005 at the National Security Agency (NSA), where Dr Rushton had Top Secret security clearance.
Philip currently lives in his hometown of Liverpool in the UK.
View Dr Rushton's MSci Dissertation
Durham University, 1999
View Dr Rushton's PhD Thesis
Durham University, 2002
“I encountered the problem of life in Rome back in 2006, and it has not let go of me since. There was something about the question - not just its scientific difficulty, but its sheer strangeness - that struck me as fundamental in a way that went beyond biology. Why does life take this particular form? Why three? Why is there no scientific definition of life? These felt less like empirical puzzles and more like questions about the deep structure of reality itself. Twenty years later, I am still pursuing these questions.”
Philip Rushton